The EU policy promoting strategies for data, cloud and edge, and cybersecurity are central to the digitalisation of the energy system. The version of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) used for our Annual Energy Outlook 2025 (AEO2025) generally represents legislation, environmental regulations, and international protocols, including recent government regulations as of December 2024. Impacts of legislation, executive. Energy Internet,sponsored by Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering (CSEE), and published by China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI) in cooperation with the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), is a multidisciplinary gold open access journal covering power and energy, power. These energy technologies, along with the systems that manufacture and operate them, benefit from the convergence of network-based information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) systems – systems that manage physical processes and control of infrastructure. Standards are needed to cover the communication requirements of grid management, balancing and interfacing with the millions of new renewable energy sources, as. ble, environmentally sustainable, and equitable grid.