This document provides a comprehensive framework for the classification, characteristics, and operational parameters of Multi-Degree Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (MD-ROADMs), including two-degree ROADMs. An example reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer includes: optical fibers, X first wavelength selective switches, and Y wavelength add/drop modules. Nonetheless, the paradigm shift from rigid to elastic optical networks (EONs) has affected. Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is an attractive solution for future on-chip networks to enhance the optical transmission capacity with a single laser source. The present ROADM consists of a six-channel mode/polarization.
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